LOGICAL REASONING QUIZ

Dear reader here we are providing some question on assumption and cause and effect which can be helpful in your upcoming exam

Directions (1-5): In each of the questions below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and following assumptions and decided which of the assumption is implicit for the statement.

Give answer (1) if only assumption I is implicit.

Give answer (2) if only assumption II is implicit.

Give answer (3) if either assumption I or assumption II is implicit.

Give answer (4) if neither assumption I nor assumption II is implicit.

Give answer (5) if both assumptions I and assumption II are implicit

1.    Statement: Many people fell ill after consuming meal at a wedding reception and were rushed to the nearby govt. or private hospital.

Assumption I: The relatives of the affected people may refuse to take them to the Govt. hospitals.
Assumption II: The nearby hospitals may be able to attend to all the affected people.

2.    Statement: The govt. has recently announced an incentive package for setting up new business ventures in the rural areas and promised uninterrupted power supply to all the units.

Assumption I: The govt. may be able to supply adequate power to all such units.

Assumption II: People living in the rural areas may welcome the govt. decision.

3.    Statement: The municipal authority blocked movement of traffic in and around the temple on the main festival day.
Assumption I: Very large number of devotees may visit the temple on the main festival day.

Assumption II: People travelling to the areas near the temple may postpone their journey by a day unless they have very urgent work in that area.

4.    Statement: The govt. has instructed all the private schools in the city to maintain the current fees for at least two more years.

Assumption I: The authorities of private schools may not follow the govt. instruction as they are not dependent on the govt. fund.

Assumption II: The parents of the students of the private schools of the city may still be eager to pay higher fee.

5.    Statement:  The end of a financial year is the ideal time to take a look at the performance of various companies.

     Assumption I: All the companies take such review at the end of a financial year.

Assumption II: The performance data of various companies is 

available.

Direction (6-10): Each of the questions below consists of two statements  I and II. These statements may be effects of independent causes or of a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(1) If statement I is the cause and the statement II is its effect.

(2) If statement II is the cause and the statement I is its effect.

(3) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.

(4) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.

(5) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

6.    I. Computer education has been made compulsory for all the classes by many schools.
II. The current job market prefers computer literate workforce.

7.    I. The standard of education in evening colleges of the State has been deteriorating.
II. The standard of school education has been fast deteriorating in the State.

8.    I. All domestic airlines increased the fare of all its classes with immediate effect.
II. Railways increased the fare of all its classed with immediate effect.

9.     I.The prices of fruits and vegetables fell substantially over the last few decades.
II. The quantity of fruits and vegetables improved considerably over the last few days.

10.  I. Recent floods in the area changed the nutritional content of the soil.
II. Farmers in the area switched over to cultivating rice instead of wheat.

ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATION:

1.    (2)
Assumptions I is absurd. In such illnesses, the patients are rushed to hospitals, irrespective of how the relatives may behave. II is implicit in rushing the affected people to the nearby hospitals.

2.    (5)
When a promise is made by someone, they assume that they would be able to fulfill it. Hence I is implicit. Since the business venture are planned to be set up in rural areas, II must be implicit

3.    (5)
I is implicit as the cause of blocking the traffic. II is implicit because whenever we plan something, we assume that the conditions. We assume that the conditions may be favorable enough.

4.    (4)
Whenever an instruction is given, it is assumed that it may be followed. Hence I is not implicit. II is also not implicit. If at all the govt does assume something about the parents, it is to the contrary: that the parents may not be able to pay higher fees.

5.    (5)
Since both I and II follow from the given statement, so both are implicit

6.    (2)
Job market is an important consideration in determining the curriculum of schools.

7.    (5)
There seems to be some common cause that is leading to both kinds of education.

8.    (5)
Hike in fuel price seems to be because of some common cause.

9.    (4)
The two effects are unrelated.

10.  (1)
The farmer�s decision is apparently an effect of change in the soil.